Kumu / Finance & Securities / Stage 1

Stage 1 — Executive Brief

Delivered so far: the workspace. Nothing has been advised yet: this brief is where the exposure gets named, before anybody models a hedge.

400–600 words to your CFO: here's our exposure, here's why it can hurt us, here are the three families of tools, and here's the analysis I'm going to build. Executive-friendly, no jargon-dumping.

This is the project's engagement brief: one document, written before any modeling, with the CFO as its reader. It carries the exposure and the plan below, and the brief's own commitments: what you assume, what you expect, and what would prove you wrong.

Objective

Learn — what the exposure actually is

Your scenario firm expects a foreign-currency payment, say EUR 4,500,000 in one year. The business risk in one sentence: the euro amount is fixed, but the dollar amount isn't.

If EURUSD = 1.10 at settlement →  4,500,000 × 1.10 = $4,950,000
If EURUSD = 1.00 at settlement →  4,500,000 × 1.00 = $4,500,000
                                            gap:      $450,000  ← a real budget hole

A 9% currency move, well within a normal year for EURUSD, swings proceeds by nearly half a million dollars. That's the story your brief opens with: currency, amount, timing, and what an adverse move does to USD cash flow.

Learn — the three hedge families, brief-sized

FamilyOne-line mechanicsProCon
Forward / futuresContract today to sell EUR at a locked rate on the settlement dateComplete certainty: budget is safeGive up all upside if EUR strengthens; counterparty/margin mechanics
Money-market hedgeBorrow EUR today, convert at spot, invest the USD: a do-it-yourself forward built from interest ratesSame certainty as a forward; useful when forwards are unavailable or mispricedUses borrowing capacity; more moving parts
Options (put floor)Buy the right, not the obligation, to sell EUR at a strikeFloor under proceeds plus upside participationPremium paid up front, hedge or not

Insurance framing wins with executives

Forwards are like selling the house forward at a fixed price; options are like fire insurance: you pay a premium and hope to waste it. CFOs think in these terms; a brief that does too reads as judgment, not homework.

Before you write about these alternatives, spend twenty minutes in the FX Hedging Lab watching a forward, a money-market hedge, and an option priced side by side. Seeing the payoffs compute makes the brief's trade-offs concrete instead of abstract.

Do — commit to a prediction

The engagement brief's sections go in this same document, after the hedge families:

Open the file with the brief's frontmatter, so a reader, or a model, knows what it is before reading it:

---
type: brief
engagement: fx-hedging
capability: fx-hedging
date: YYYY-MM-DD
status: committed          # committed | superseded
hypothesis: "One line: what you expect the model to show, and why"
---

Do — close on the next steps

Close the brief by previewing the machine you're about to build:

  1. Stage 2 — Model specification: the workbook designed on paper: named ranges, tabs, formula logic, validation checks
  2. Stage 3 — AI-assisted build + audit: an AI generates the workbook from your spec; you audit and fix its output
  3. Stage 4 — Live market data: real, sourced, timestamped prices replace the placeholders
  4. Stage 5 — Validate & decision memo: independent LLM run, hand verification, and the final call in a decision memo

This paragraph matters: it tells the CFO a process is coming, not a gut call.

Do — know where this project's files go

Stage 0 stood up your portfolio repo, and this project adds no folders to it. Every stage from here commits into a folder you already have: the spec and the workbook into the capability folder, capabilities/fx-hedging/, beside its README.md, the way the Micro & Macro Economics course keeps capabilities/marginal-analysis/.

firstname-lastname/
  capabilities/
    fx-hedging/        README.md, spec.md (Stage 2), model.xlsx (Stages 3–4)
  docs/
    decisions/         the executive brief, and the decision memo
  data/                market data, with source and timestamp
  analysis/            the build audit, and the validation work

Paths moved (2026-09-24)

The spec and the workbook now live together in capabilities/fx-hedging/ (spec.md, model.xlsx, and the folder's README.md), the way the Micro & Macro Economics course keeps capabilities/marginal-analysis/. The older docs/specs/ and models/builds/ folders belong to an earlier version of this project; if yours already has them, move the files across.

StageDeliverableWhere it goes
1Executive brief (hedge framing)docs/briefs/YYYY-MM-DD-{scenario}-hedge-brief.md
2Model specificationcapabilities/fx-hedging/spec.md · capabilities/fx-hedging/README.md
3Built workbook + build auditcapabilities/fx-hedging/model.xlsx · analysis/YYYY-MM-DD-{scenario}-build-audit-analysis.md
4Market-data memodata/YYYY-MM-DD-{scenario}-market-data-memo.md
5Validation + decision memoanalysis/YYYY-MM-DD-{scenario}-validation-analysis.md · docs/decisions/YYYY-MM-DD-{scenario}-hedge-decision-memo.md

Every graded file outside the capability folder carries the same prefix: YYYY-MM-DD-{scenario}-{type}, a real date, your scenario slug, and what the document is (brief, memo, analysis); the capability folder's files keep plain names, because the folder already says what they are. Note the split: the repo is named for you; individual files carry the date and scenario, so a folder full of them stays legible. Each stage page restates its own path, so you never have to come back here. This is the whole map in one place.

Deliverable

WhatWhere it goes
The brief (your engagement brief)docs/briefs/YYYY-MM-DD-{scenario}-hedge-brief.md
The capability foldercapabilities/fx-hedging/README.md: in place from Stage 0; the spec and workbook land beside it

This project files the engagement brief in docs/briefs/ under the dated name above.

Check yourself